Navigating Uncertainties: How to Assess Welfare and Harm in Genetically Altered Animals Responsibly—A Practical Guideline

Trait selection and welfare of genetically engineered animals in agriculture.

The release of the Final Guidance from the US Food and Drug Administration on the commercialization of genetically engineered animals has sparked renewed discussion over the ethical, consumer, and regulatory implications of transgenesis in animal agriculture. Animal welfare critiques have focused on unexpected phenotypic effects in animals used in transgenic research, rather than on the health ...

The use of genetically altered animals in toxicology.

Since the first description of the creation of transgenic mice in the early 1980s, refinements of genetic engineering and animal modeling technologies have allowed for remarkable advances in biomedical research (16). With increasing ability to specifically modify the genome of animals and incorporate altered genes into viable whole animals, the utilization of these animals in many disciplines h...

Draught animals and welfare.

In fifty developing countries, which contain half of the total human population of the world, there is a heavy dependence on draught animals as an energy source. These animals are used for agriculture operations in 52% of cultivated areas of the world, as well as for hauling 25 million carts. This situation is likely to continue for at least another fifty years. The work performed annually by t...

Practical Histopathology in mouse models of human disease: Guides to Phenotyping the Genetically Altered mouse

Pain in domestic animals and how to assess it: a review

In recent years more attention has been paid to the issue of pain in animals, particularly in association with increasing awareness of animal welfare. It is therefore necessary for veterinarians to be able recognise unambiguously whether an animal suffers from pain. Adult humans suffering from pain can more or less characterise their painful experiences, including the site and intensity of the ...